Logic

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Critical thinking

What are the three types of logical reasoning?

Deduction, induction, and abduction

Deduction, induction, and reduction

Deduction, induction, and assumption

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Inference

What is the difference between Bayesian probability and deductive logic?

Bayesian probability is a framework for inference that uses the mathematical rules of probability to find the best explanation. It is completely different from deductive logic.

Bayesian probability is a framework for inference that uses the mathematical rules of probability to find the best explanation. It embeds deductive (certain) logic as a subset.

Deductive logic is a framework for inference that uses the mathematical rules of probability to find the best explanation. It embeds Bayesian probability as a subset.

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Inference

What is the difference between a valid and an invalid inference?

A valid inference is one where the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether the premises or conclusion are true. An invalid inference is one where the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, even if the premises or conclusion are true.

A valid inference is one where the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, only if the premises and conclusion are true. An invalid inference is one where the conclusion does not necessarily follow from the premises, even if the premises or conclusion are true.

A valid inference is one where the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether the premises or conclusion are true. An invalid inference is one where the conclusion does not necessarily follow from the premises, even if the premises or conclusion are true.

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Inference

What is the difference between deduction and induction?

Deduction is the process of inferring a universal conclusion from particular evidence, while induction is the process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true.

Deduction and induction are the same thing.

Deduction is the process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true, while induction is the process of inferring a universal conclusion from premises known or assumed to be true.

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Converse

What is the name of the logical fallacy that can occur in a statistical syllogism when an exception to a generalization is wrongly excluded?

Converse accident

Hasty generalization

False dilemma

Slippery slope

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